How Franchising Supports E-2 Visa Applications and Business Ownership in the U.S.
Franchising has become a powerful path to business ownership for people across the U.S. and around the world. In fact, the number of franchise establishments in the U.S. is projected to grow to 851,000 units in 2025, an increase of 20,000 from the previous year, according to the International Franchise Association.
For many of my clients, the E-2 visa offers a clear pathway to U.S. business ownership. It allows foreign nationals from treaty countries to invest in and operate a business in the U.S., and franchising is often an ideal fit. With franchising’s built-in support, proven systems and lower risk compared to starting a business from scratch, it’s a natural option for E-2 applicants.
In the section below, I share some of the most common questions I hear about the E-2 visa — and how franchising can play a key role in making the American dream a reality.
What is the E-2 visa?
Established in 1952, the E-2 visa offers citizens of over 80 treaty countries a pathway to relocate with their families to the United States. Investing in a U.S. business allows qualified individuals from these treaty nations to obtain a visa for themselves, their spouse and their minor children.
What is the benefit to the United States in offering the E-2 visa?
By increasing the number of small businesses, the E-2 visa program helps create new jobs in the U.S. In fiscal year 2023, a record 54,000 E-2 visas were issued, representing a 20% increase from 2022.
What types of businesses qualify for E-2 visa requirements?
To qualify, a business must be legitimate, non-marginal, and actively developed and directed by the investor. Franchises typically increase the likelihood of meeting this requirement compared to independent startups.
What level of investment is required for the E-2 visa?
The E-2 visa requires a substantial investment, but no exact dollar amount is specified. Typically, a minimum investment of $150,000 or more is considered sufficient. While lower investments have been approved, it is wise to invest enough to avoid being considered marginal.
How long is the E-2 visa valid?
The visa duration can be up to five years, depending on the applicant’s country of citizenship. The E-2 visa can be renewed indefinitely as long as the business remains operational.
Why is a franchise a strong option for E-2 visas?
An established franchise brand can strengthen an E-2 visa application. Investors can demonstrate the franchisor’s proven track record using the Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD), which typically contains over 100 pages of relevant data. In addition, a franchise offers support, structure, best practices, and brand recognition — all factors that can improve the applicant’s approval chances.
What types of franchises work well for E-2 candidates?
A wide variety of franchise categories fit E-2 investors, including home services, business consulting, children’s education, senior care, and restaurants, to name a few. Many of these businesses are ideal for those exploring E-2 visas and franchise opportunities that offer flexibility, scalability, and community involvement.
Are there franchises to avoid if applying for an E-2 visa?
Yes. Not all franchises accept E-2 candidates. Of those that do, ensure they are familiar with the E-2 process. Ideally, the franchisor should be an established brand — not an emerging one — and have a strong track record as outlined in the FDD.
Is the Gold Visa replacing the E-2 visa program?
No. The Gold Visa, when implemented, is expected to replace the EB-5 visa — not the E-2. The EB-5 visa requires a much higher investment (typically close to $1 million). The E-2 program has received strong bipartisan support, and it remains valued for its role in job creation.
Which professionals should an investor work with to purchase a franchise via the E-2 visa process?
It’s important to build an experienced team that includes:
- Immigration attorney – to provide legal guidance and manage the E-2 visa application process
- Franchise consultant – to identify franchise options suited for E-2 candidates based on skills, interests and budget
- Franchise attorney – to review franchise agreements (a separate specialty from immigration law)
- Relocation experts – including a real estate agent and international moving professionals
- Financial professionals – such as a banker, CPA, and insurance advisor, to assist with setup upon arrival
Whether you’re a first-time entrepreneur or a seasoned investor, E-2 visas and franchises offer a compelling pathway to U.S. business ownership and long-term opportunity.
